Periodic limb movement disorder
Periodic limb movement disorder
Periodic limb movements during sleep, diagnosis, causes and treatment when movements disrupt sleep or daytime function.
Overview
Periodic limb movements are repetitive leg or arm movements recorded during sleep. Many people have movements without a disorder. Periodic limb movement disorder is considered only when movements cause clinically important sleep disturbance or daytime impairment and another condition does not better explain the symptoms.
Key points
Diagnosis
Overnight polysomnography measures movement frequency and associated arousals.
Related conditions
Restless legs syndrome, sleep apnea, medications, iron deficiency and kidney disease may coexist.
Evaluation
History and selected laboratory testing, including iron indices, may be appropriate.
Treatment
Treat contributing conditions first; medication is reserved for selected symptomatic cases.
How W8MD can help
W8MD can evaluate limb symptoms, arrange appropriate testing, review iron status and medications and distinguish PLMD from restless legs syndrome and untreated OSA.
Frequently asked questions
Is PLMD the same as restless legs syndrome?
No. RLS is an awake urge to move; PLMD is measured during sleep.
Do all sleep movements need treatment?
No. Incidental movements without impairment usually do not.
Can sleep apnea cause leg movements?
Respiratory events and arousals can be associated with movements, so OSA should be addressed.
Evidence and authoritative sources
Contact W8MD
W8MD Weight Loss, Sleep & MedSpa provides physician-supervised care in Brooklyn, New York and Northeast Philadelphia. Telehealth may be available for eligible patients based on location and applicable requirements.
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