Sandbox

• ACE inhibitor - An inhibitor of the angiotensin-converting enzyme. A medication used to treat hypertension, stroke, heart attack, diabetes, and kidney issues.
• Antagonist H2 receptor - A medication that decreases the amount of stomach acid produced. It is employed in the treatment of stomach ulcer (peptic ulcer) and gastroesophageal reflux disease.
• High-density lipoprotein cholesterol - Positive cholesterol. HDL cholesterol (high-density lipoprotein) is a type of protein that transports excess cholesterol from the arteries to the liver for elimination.
• IQ - Intelligence quotient. The result of a standardized intelligence test.
• International Unit - A unit used to measure the activity of certain vitamins and other biological substances (including enzymes and hormones).
• Institute of Medicine - IOM. Private, non-governmental organization that publishes reports on biomedical science, medicine, and health at the request of government agencies, private industry, and foundations.
• Sun protection factor (SPF) - A rating system for the sunburn protection of sunscreen products. The higher the SPF, the greater the sunburn protection.
• UNICEF - A United Nations organization that provides food, clothing, medical care, and assistance to women and children.
• National Nutrient Database of the USDA - A searchable database containing the nutrient content of over 7,000 American foods.
• World Health Organization (WHO) - An organization of the United Nations concerned with global health.
• Abetalipoproteinemia - The inability of the intestine to absorb fats and fat-soluble vitamins from food.
• Absorption - The movement of protein, carbohydrates, fats, and other nutrients from the digestive tract into the bloodstream.
• Acid Reflux - A condition in which stomach acid leaks backwards into the esophagus, causing heartburn.
• Acne - A sometimes severe skin condition characterized by whiteheads, blackheads, and zits.
• Actein - A black cohosh constituent belonging to the triterpene glycosides family of chemical compounds.
• Acute - Sudden, severe, and transient.
• Adenoma - A benign (non-cancerous) tumor.
• Administration - The act of giving a medication or dietary supplement to a patient.
• Adverse Effect - A negative side effect.
• Adverse Reaction - An undesirable or harmful reaction to a treatment.
• Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) - A disease of the eye that causes the loss of central vision.
• Agent - In medicine, a drug, dietary supplement, or substance used for diagnosing, screening, preventing, or treating disease.
• Alpha-carotene - A pigment found in fruits and vegetables that the body can convert into vitamin A.
• Alpha-tocopherol Equivalent - A unit of measurement used to compare the effects of various forms of vitamin E to alpha-tocopherol.
• Alpha-tocopherol Transfer Protein (ATTP) - A substance produced in the liver that binds to and transports vitamin E.
• antioxidant is a molecule capable of inhibiting the oxidation of other molecules. Antioxidants play a crucial role in protecting cells from damage caused by free radicals and oxidative stress, which are thought to contribute to the development of various diseases, including cancer and heart disease.
• antipsychotic is a medication used to treat symptoms of mental illness, such as delusions, hallucinations, and aggression. Antipsychotics are often used to treat conditions like schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depression.
• antiviral refers to a drug or other substance that is used to treat viral infections. Antivirals are designed to interfere with the replication of viruses, making it difficult for them to reproduce and spread.
• aphasia is a language disorder that results from damage to the brain, typically due to a stroke or brain injury. A person with aphasia may have difficulty speaking, writing, or understanding language.
• apnea is a sleep disorder characterized by temporary pauses in breathing during sleep. These pauses can last from a few seconds to several minutes and can occur many times during the night.
• asthma is a chronic condition characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways, making it difficult to breathe. Symptoms of asthma include wheezing, coughing, chest tightness, and shortness of breath.
• ataxia is a group of neurological conditions that cause difficulty with coordination and balance. People with ataxia may have trouble walking, speaking, and performing other activities that require motor control.
• atrophy is a reduction in size or wasting away of a body part or tissue. This can occur as a result of disuse, disease, or injury.
• autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects communication, social interaction, and behavior. People with autism may have difficulty with social cues, repetitive behaviors, and other symptoms that can impact their daily life.
• avitaminosis refers to a deficiency of vitamins in the body. This can occur as a result of poor nutrition, an inability to absorb vitamins, or an increased need for vitamins due to certain medical conditions.
• biopsy is a medical procedure in which a small sample of tissue is removed from the body for examination under a microscope. A biopsy can be used to diagnose various medical conditions, including cancer.
• bipolar disorder is a mental illness characterized by periods of elevated mood (mania) and depression. People with bipolar disorder can experience extreme mood swings, which can have a significant impact on their daily life and relationships.