Delayed Sleep Phase Syndrome: Difference between revisions

Delayed sleep phase syndrome (DSPS), also known as delayed sleep-wake phase disorder or delayed sleep phase type, is a circadian rhythm disorder characterized by a persistent difficulty falling asleep and waking up at socially acceptable times. People with DSPS tend to have a natural sleep-wake cycle that is delayed by several hours compared to the typical 24-hour day, making it difficult for them to conform to the schedules of school, work, and other social activities.

DSPS affects people of all ages, but it is more common in teenagers and young adults, and is more common in males than in females. The exact cause of DSPS is not fully understood, but it is believed to be linked to genetics, as it often runs in families. Lifestyle factors such as irregular sleep schedules, exposure to bright light at night, and the use of electronic devices before bed may also contribute to the development of DSPS.

Symptoms of DSPS include difficulty falling asleep at night, difficulty waking up in the morning, fatigue, decreased alertness, and difficulty concentrating during the day. People with DSPS may also experience mood changes, such as irritability and depression, as a result of the disruption to their sleep-wake cycle.

Diagnosis of DSPS typically involves a sleep study that monitors a person's sleep-wake cycle over several days. Other tests, such as blood tests, may be done to rule out other potential causes of the symptoms. A delayed sleep phase syndrome questionnaire may also be used to evaluate an individual's sleep-wake schedule and determine if they may be suffering from DSPS.

Treatment for DSPS typically involves a combination of behavioral therapy and medication. Behavioral therapy may include implementing a strict sleep schedule, avoiding electronic devices before bed, and exposure to bright light in the morning. Medications such as melatonin or chronotherapy may also be used to help shift the sleep-wake cycle. In some cases, accommodation, such as adjusting a person's work or school schedule to match their sleep-wake cycle, may be helpful.