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Npo, or nil per os, is a latin term that means "Nothing by mouth." an npo diet is a medical instruction to avoid all food and liquids by mouth for a certain period of time. In this article, we will explore the basics of the npo diet, including its purposes, how it is used in medical settings, and potential complications.
==Purposes of an npo diet==
* An npo diet may be used for several purposes, including:
* [[Preoperative fasting]]: an npo diet is often required before surgery to reduce the risk of aspiration, which is when food or liquid enters the lungs.
* [[Diagnostic tests]]: an npo diet may be necessary before certain diagnostic tests, such as a colonoscopy or [[endoscopy]].
* [[Gastrointestinal disorders]]: an npo diet may be recommended for individuals with certain gastrointestinal disorders, such as acute pancreatitis, to allow the digestive system to rest.
* Surgery recovery: after certain types of surgery, such as gastrointestinal surgery, an npo diet may be required to allow the digestive system to heal.
==How an npo diet is used in medical settings==
* In medical settings, an npo diet is often prescribed by a healthcare provider. The duration of the npo diet will depend on the reason for the diet and the individual's medical condition. In some cases, a clear liquid diet may be allowed during the npo period to provide hydration and some nutrients.
==Potential complications of an npo diet==
* While an npo diet is generally safe for short periods of time, there are potential complications to consider, including:
* [[Dehydration]]: if an npo diet is prolonged or not monitored carefully, dehydration may occur.
* [[Nutrient deficiencies]]: if an npo diet is prolonged or not monitored carefully, nutrient deficiencies may occur, especially if a clear liquid diet is not allowed.
* [[Hypoglycemia]]: if an individual with diabetes follows an npo diet without adjusting their medication, [[hypoglycemia]], or [[low blood sugar]], may occur.
* Hunger and discomfort: following an npo diet for a prolonged period of time may lead to hunger and discomfort.
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