Glossary of obesity

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Obesity related terms glossary

  • Adiposity A term used to describe the accumulation of excess body fat.
  • Anti-obesity medication Medications designed to promote weight loss by suppressing appetite or increasing metabolism.
  • Bariatric medicine Medical treatments for obesity, including medications and weight loss surgery.
  • Bariatric surgery A type of weight loss surgery that involves reducing the size of the stomach or rerouting the digestive system to limit the amount of food a person can consume.
  • Binge eating disorder An eating disorder characterized by frequent episodes of binge eating, or consuming large amounts of food in a short period of time, often in response to emotions.
  • Body Mass Index (BMI) A measure of a person's body fat based on their height and weight. It is widely used to classify a person as underweight, normal weight, overweight, or obese.
  • Diet The foods and drinks a person consumes on a regular basis. A healthy diet is one that provides all the necessary nutrients for good health while controlling calorie intake.
  • Emotional eating Eating in response to emotions, rather than hunger, which can contribute to overeating and weight gain.
  • Energy balance The balance between the calories a person consumes and the calories they burn through physical activity and metabolism. Maintaining a positive energy balance leads to weight gain, while a negative energy balance leads to weight loss.
  • Energy expenditure The amount of energy a person burns through physical activity and metabolism.
  • Excess body fat The amount of fat stored in a person's body that exceeds what is considered healthy for their height and weight.
  • Food addiction An unhealthy relationship with food characterized by compulsive overeating and an inability to control food intake.
  • Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) A condition in which stomach acid flows back into the esophagus, causing heartburn and other symptoms. Obesity is a major risk factor for GERD.
  • Genetic factors Inherited traits that can contribute to obesity, such as a family history of overweight or obesity.
  • Heart disease A group of conditions that affect the heart and blood vessels, including coronary artery disease, heart attack, and stroke. Obesity is a major risk factor for heart disease.
  • High protein diets Diets that are high in protein and designed to promote weight loss and increase muscle mass.
  • Hormonal imbalances Disruptions in the normal balance of hormones in the body, which can contribute to obesity and related health problems.
  • Hypertension High blood pressure, a condition in which the force of the blood against the walls of the arteries is too high. It is a major risk factor for heart disease and stroke.
  • Inflammation A process in the body in which the immune system responds to injury or infection. Chronic inflammation is associated with a number of health problems, including obesity.
  • Intermittent fasting A weight loss strategy that involves alternating periods of fasting and eating.
  • Lifestyle changes Changes to diet, physical activity, and other habits that can help with weight loss and improve overall health.
  • Lipid profile A measurement of the levels of lipids (fats) in the blood, including cholesterol and triglycerides.
  • Low calorie diets Diets that are low in calories and designed to promote weight loss.
  • Low carbohydrate diets Diets that are low in carbohydrates and designed to promote weight loss.
  • Metabolic syndrome A cluster of conditions including abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, and abnormal lipid levels that increase the risk of developing cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.
  • Mindful eating A approach to eating that involves paying attention to hunger cues, eating slowly, and savoring food to increase enjoyment and reduce overeating.
  • Morbid obesity A severe form of obesity characterized by a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 40 or higher. It is associated with a number of serious health problems.
  • Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) A condition in which fat accumulates in the liver, leading to liver damage. Obesity is a major risk factor for NAFLD
  • Nutrition education Education about the importance of a healthy diet and the role of specific nutrients in promoting good health.
  • Obese A condition in which a person has a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 30 or higher, indicating an excessive amount of body fat.
  • Osteoarthritis A type of joint disease that causes pain and stiffness in the joints. Obesity can increase the risk of developing osteoarthritis.
  • Overweight A condition where a person has a higher body weight than is considered healthy for their height. It can be a precursor to obesity.
  • Physical activity Any form of movement that uses energy. Regular physical activity is an important component of a healthy lifestyle and can help with weight loss.
  • Portion control The practice of controlling the size of food portions in order to maintain a healthy weight.
  • Sedentary lifestyle A lifestyle characterized by low levels of physical activity and a lack of exercise. It is a major contributor to obesity and related health problems.
  • Sleep apnea A sleep disorder in which a person's breathing is repeatedly interrupted during sleep. Obesity is a major risk factor for sleep apnea.
  • Type 2 diabetes A condition in which the body is unable to properly use and store glucose (sugar), leading to high blood sugar levels. Obesity is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes.
  • Unhealthy weight gain The process of gaining weight in an unhealthy manner, such as through a diet high in processed foods and low in physical activity.
  • Waist circumference A measure of the size of a person's waist, which can be used to assess the amount of abdominal fat and the risk of obesity-related health problems.
  • Weight loss The process of reducing body weight by burning more calories than are consumed through diet and physical activity.

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