Glossary of obesity

Obesity related terms glossary

Adiposity A term used to describe the accumulation of excess body fat.
Anti-obesity medication Medications designed to promote weight loss by suppressing appetite or increasing metabolism.
Bariatric medicine Medical treatments for obesity, including medications and weight loss surgery.
Bariatric surgery A type of weight loss surgery that involves reducing the size of the stomach or rerouting the digestive system to limit the amount of food a person can consume.
Binge eating disorder An eating disorder characterized by frequent episodes of binge eating, or consuming large amounts of food in a short period of time, often in response to emotions.
Body Mass Index (BMI) A measure of a person's body fat based on their height and weight. It is widely used to classify a person as underweight, normal weight, overweight, or obese.
Diet The foods and drinks a person consumes on a regular basis. A healthy diet is one that provides all the necessary nutrients for good health while controlling calorie intake.
Emotional eating Eating in response to emotions, rather than hunger, which can contribute to overeating and weight gain.
Energy balance The balance between the calories a person consumes and the calories they burn through physical activity and metabolism. Maintaining a positive energy balance leads to weight gain, while a negative energy balance leads to weight loss.
Energy expenditure The amount of energy a person burns through physical activity and metabolism.
Excess body fat The amount of fat stored in a person's body that exceeds what is considered healthy for their height and weight.
Food addiction An unhealthy relationship with food characterized by compulsive overeating and an inability to control food intake.
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) A condition in which stomach acid flows back into the esophagus, causing heartburn and other symptoms. Obesity is a major risk factor for GERD.
Genetic factors Inherited traits that can contribute to obesity, such as a family history of overweight or obesity.
Heart disease A group of conditions that affect the heart and blood vessels, including coronary artery disease, heart attack, and stroke. Obesity is a major risk factor for heart disease.
High protein diets Diets that are high in protein and designed to promote weight loss and increase muscle mass.
Hormonal imbalances Disruptions in the normal balance of hormones in the body, which can contribute to obesity and related health problems.
Hypertension High blood pressure, a condition in which the force of the blood against the walls of the arteries is too high. It is a major risk factor for heart disease and stroke.
Inflammation A process in the body in which the immune system responds to injury or infection. Chronic inflammation is associated with a number of health problems, including obesity.
Intermittent fasting A weight loss strategy that involves alternating periods of fasting and eating.
Lifestyle changes Changes to diet, physical activity, and other habits that can help with weight loss and improve overall health.
Lipid profile A measurement of the levels of lipids (fats) in the blood, including cholesterol and triglycerides.
Low calorie diets Diets that are low in calories and designed to promote weight loss.
Low carbohydrate diets Diets that are low in carbohydrates and designed to promote weight loss.
Metabolic syndrome A cluster of conditions including abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, and abnormal lipid levels that increase the risk of developing cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.
Mindful eating A approach to eating that involves paying attention to hunger cues, eating slowly, and savoring food to increase enjoyment and reduce overeating.
Morbid obesity A severe form of obesity characterized by a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 40 or higher. It is associated with a number of serious health problems.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) A condition in which fat accumulates in the liver, leading to liver damage. Obesity is a major risk factor for NAFLD
Nutrition education Education about the importance of a healthy diet and the role of specific nutrients in promoting good health.
Obese A condition in which a person has a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 30 or higher, indicating an excessive amount of body fat.
Osteoarthritis A type of joint disease that causes pain and stiffness in the joints. Obesity can increase the risk of developing osteoarthritis.
Overweight A condition where a person has a higher body weight than is considered healthy for their height. It can be a precursor to obesity.
Physical activity Any form of movement that uses energy. Regular physical activity is an important component of a healthy lifestyle and can help with weight loss.
Portion control The practice of controlling the size of food portions in order to maintain a healthy weight.
Sedentary lifestyle A lifestyle characterized by low levels of physical activity and a lack of exercise. It is a major contributor to obesity and related health problems.
Sleep apnea A sleep disorder in which a person's breathing is repeatedly interrupted during sleep. Obesity is a major risk factor for sleep apnea.
Type 2 diabetes A condition in which the body is unable to properly use and store glucose (sugar), leading to high blood sugar levels. Obesity is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes.
Unhealthy weight gain The process of gaining weight in an unhealthy manner, such as through a diet high in processed foods and low in physical activity.
Waist circumference A measure of the size of a person's waist, which can be used to assess the amount of abdominal fat and the risk of obesity-related health problems.
Weight loss The process of reducing body weight by burning more calories than are consumed through diet and physical activity.

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